The graph (which is used in the link) reveals a large chunk of the problem. The real answer is direct enough:
1) Turn off ads.
2) Stop spreading render-required resources into hundreds of tiny requests.
The End.
Ads are well-established as slowing down the Internet. The real-time bidding of ads is slow. When loading the page it also requires transferring a huge ad infrastructure, communications to a bunch of unknown servers scattered across the globe, and that takes a lot of time and processing. That is especially true when the ads are mini-programs or javascript+canvas programs that themselves reach out and grab bunches of additional resources before they can display.
For the second, any time a page is designed to load 20, or 30, or 50+ requests before displaying then the page is going to be slow. It doesn't matter if those are a bunch of javascript files, or css files, or if the site is using one of the stupid "hypermedia client" systems where the page itself is blank and everything gets streamed in through AJAX and REST. A single large HTML file or a small number (e.g. under five) of source files can be loaded quickly, much quicker than hundreds of tiny little web requests.
The paper's description is a tool to help minimize and reorder dependencies. It is still more efficient and more memory friendly to remove the dependencies completely.