You should remember that lots of factors go into how much experience you gain.
I'd start off with figuring out exactly how much experience you want to gain at level 1.
Lets say you have 400xp for level 2 and you get about 55xp per kill. (this is lowkey based on wow level 1 from my memory)
at level 2, a level 1 mob shouldn't give you the same xp as it did when you were level 1.
Val = 55
PlayerLevel * Val = x
And we need to extend other variables into this equation to account for it as well.
Exp Multiplier * Enemy/PlayerLevel
ExpMultiplier = 1.0 * (xp boost) * any other variables
So your algorithm could be
Val * (ExpMultiplier * Enemy/PlayerLevel)
First, calculate the level ratio between enemy and player, reduce XP if the player is higher level increase if lower.
Add the multiplier in, 1.0 is the default, however, you can make this value scale based on level or anything you want really, the point of it is to add more numbers to toy with our XP rates.
Now even with all those values and modifiers, a level 1 player fighting a level 1 enemy still results in only 55 xp assuming Val = 55