Sorry, didn't read through the whole thread so perhaps it was already mentioned - but what about games like Age of Castles or Ant War?
It's a turn-based game, where you have to hit a given population goal to reach the next level. The trick is that you have to keep an eye on resoures - to get more people you need a bigger castle, which will cost you more gold. So you kinda have to grow all 3(people, castle, gold) at the same time and keep them in sync or else people will start leaving. You can direct the effort of your people by assigning them jobs(I think gold miner for gold, cleric for people, soldier for attack/defense and builder for castle), so if you are for example low on gold and people start leaving you can get a lot of gold in expense of slower build time or if you have a big castle and much of it isn't populated you can recruit a lot of people.
It makes me feel like I'm in control of a vast army(especially when the castle grows in front of my eyes) and though there's not as much strategy involved as traditional RTS games, you still have to use your brain :)