Reverse Tower D?
Starcraft has a using map settings mode that was very simar to this.you did both the defending agaisnt your opponent, and selecting what to send at them. Can't remember the map name but it was pretty popular.
Yes, it's called squadron tower defense, and it was partly what inspired this game.
I'll play some of these tower offense games, but right off the bat, I'd think that the core philosophy behind such a concept should be that you and the computer are switching roles, but not switching gameplay.
What I mean is, in a normal TDG, the computer has to be mindless, predictable and boring; dolling out a monotonous string of enemies down the same path, slowly getting a bit more powerful. Whereas you the player get to be creative and eccentric. You can choose where to place the towers; which ones to upgrade, ext.
So likewise, a reverse TGD should involve the computer coldly, boringly adding new towers in predictable places, while you yourself find yourself not limited down one linear pathway, but are instead able to create custom paths for your troops; and attempt the safest way around the enemy's towers.