How to program a chess: a forum based tutorial

llvllatrix · 2005-04-02T02:01:34

Introductions (ie what the heck is this thread about): This thread was born when da_grat1 asked me about model loading. After a bit of discussion it turned out that he was trying to program a chess game and wondered if I had any advice. The result; a good excuse to talk design. Although this may seem off topic on this forum, I think nehe is best for several reasons. This forum has a wide variety of visitors, both advanced and beginner (you'll see why this is important later...keep reading :) ). I also dont have to go over OGL, which we will be using to do our graphics. Most of you have also already taken a look at some general demo design as well as loading and playing sound, which is a bonus. Also note that da_grat1 will be trying to implement this, so I'm going to try my best to keep us on topic and drive us through the end. k, so its obvious that i cant tell you that if you follow steps 1 - X you'll successfully complete your project, or game ect. (lol, its just not possible) Instead, what I want to do with this thread is to start a discussion about game design from start to where ever we take it. Consider this an online, dynamic tutorial with many authors. You guys should feel free to tell me that I'm wrong (giving a reason for your decisions is very important because we are all of different expertise in different areas). Remember that even if you feel you cannot contribute because you dont have the experience, asking questions is just as valuable (they determine where this discussion will go). Questions you guys ask will determine what issues get addressed and in what order. So sit back and get ready for what will hopefully be a long and productive discussion. I think the best place to start is at the beginning. You'd be surprised how many people dont start there. Imagine how terrible it would be if you hired a company to build you a corporate headquarters for your multi-million dollar game development studio and when you open the door, the thing crashes down on you. Then, when your in your hospital bed you find out that its because the guys who built the place didnt do any planning or draw any blue prints and just started building the place without thinking twice. The reason this kind of thing doesn't happen with building companies is because architects and engineers design and test the building long before anyone uses a hammer or saw. However, this happens all to often in software engineering; people just dont start at the beginning. They jump into projects and start coding without design documents. Remember your friend who said he would make an amazing game and ended up not finishing it? Its because when he was nailing some code together, the structure fell straight down on top of his head and he couldnt continue...anyway I tink I made my point...design twice, build once...so lets get to some code design...that and I ran out of building analogies ;) ... Programming is like chewing a pack of bubble gum. If you chew it all at once you're going to die. Its best if you divide the pack into pieces and chew each separately. There’s no guarantee you're not going to choke on a small piece but at least if you do you can probably spit it back up. So the first thing to do is establish exactly what we hope to accomplish and then keep breaking it down till we can implement it. To break it down on a business level, the "what are we going to do" is the project proposal. The "break down" is the design document/feasibility study and the implement it is "code till it works". Side trackin': In this quick paragraph I'm going to describe my tendencies when it comes to game programming. Most of the reasons for this stuff comes from code on the cob (http://www.gamedev.net/reference/list.asp?categoryid=45#115) and we'll hopefully see it used and justified further on in the discussion. Game programming (unlike word processors) are made using synthesis. We are going to take elements like graphics, audio ect and put them together to make a product. To do the synthesis I typically use function libraries as the glue that holds my program together (think OpenGL's interface). Classes and inheritance usually dont work for this kind of thing (think MFC). I'm not saying to totally abandon classes, I'm saying "use them to do a job behind a function library so that whatever uses the library doesn’t have to know about them". Keep your interfaces clean and whatever you build with them will look ok...irregardless of what is behind the interface. What are we going to do? So we're making a chess game. It will have 3d pieces that move accross the board (as apposed to appearing where ever you clicked), an animated camera, ai which you can play against (not good ai, but ai none the less), a console for testing (not as complex as you think, but it will just take a long time to implement), sound for coolness, and the ability to save your game. That sound good to everyone? How are we going to do this? Well, first step is decomposition, but what exactly does that mean? If you refer to my side track up there, why are we decomposing, shouldn’t we be synthesizing? In truth, there are actually two different phases here that use different techniques to get their jobs done. The first phase is the design phase where we decompose our problem into sub problems till we are satisfied we can tackle them. Then we go to the implementation phase where we take the easiest sub problems, solve them, and their solutions to solve larger problems till we have a final solution; our game (this is what i mean by synthesis). So what is this design thingy all about? Decomposition is the answer to the question, "how the hell am i supposed to do that?" Design is about making a decomposition that works both now and in the future (you'll see what i mean). Pop quiz: what did a software blue print look like back when king tut was writing security software for his sarcophagus (namely the 7 Egyptian curses of death)? Ans: Same as they look today ; a pyramid. On the top of the pyramid is our goal (namely, a game) and on the very bottom is stuff we know we have to use to achieve our goal (our requirements). I our case, we have stuff like OpenGL, Windows, and fmod on the bottom. At the top of our pyramid is our chess game. Let the designing begin: A quick way to start is by listing a bunch of stuff you're probably going to need. In any game, we're going to need a main screen (the thing people see when they start the game), a game screen(the game itself), a menu (drawn over the screen), a way to tell if the game is over, a way to tell what screen gets input, a way to get the input, a way to keep track of time, a way to draw objects as apposed to triangles, a way to easily play a sound, a way to load files, a way for the ai to think, a way to control the camera, and a whole bunch of other stuff. The next thing to tackle is to organize this stuff in a pyramid and then fill in the gaps where we need to. We then keep doing this (decomposing these subsystems) till we can implement each subsystem without having to decompose it. So the next thing to tackle is to rearrange the subsystems i've listed (as well as others you guys come up with) into the pyramid and this i'm going to leave to anyone with time on their hands (this is a good exercise to do) or to my next post (which ever comes first). will post later, - llvllatrix

NeHe Productions Affiliates

Started by llvllatrix December 23, 2004 11:09 PM

276 comments, last by da_grat1 19 years, 11 months ago

da_grat1

122

January 16, 2005 02:08 AM

Error occur...!! :(

c:\documents and settings\basecode\console basecode\inc_os_ogg_vorbis.h(22) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'ogg/ogg.h': No such file or directory
res_snd_sound.cpp
c:\documents and settings\basecode\console basecode\inc_os_open_al.h(18) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'AL/al.h': No such file or directory

what should I do... Do I need to install the openAlsdk.exe?
i download the Oggvorbiswin32sdk-1.0.1 zip... but where should I extract the file? do I nedd to extract the files into microsoft visual studio/vc98 folder?

please teach me step by step.. I am a beginner to this kind thing.. :)

lazork357

148

January 16, 2005 05:39 AM

Yes, you need to install the OpenAL SDK (that would fix the second error).
About the missing 'ogg/ogg.h':
Open Oggvorbiswin32sdk-1.0.1.zip and extract the files contained in the "Include" folder to the "Include" folder of MSVC++ (Just look for it in the directory you installed MSVC++).
Now do the same thing with the files in the "lib" folder.
To compile your project correcly, be sure to ling the needed libraries, which are "openal32.lib", "ogg.lib", "vorbis.lib" and "vorbisfile.lib".
Keep in mind that once you've compiled you're project you need "ogg.dll" "vorbis.dll" and "vorbisfile.dll" in the same folder as your executable; thay can be found in the "bin" directory in Oggvorbiswin32sdk-1.0.1.zip.
You also need "OpenAL32.dll", but I can't remember where I found it (should be included in the OpenAL SDK, anyway).

If something goes wrong, that's because I missed some steps.

llvllatrix

Author

340

January 16, 2005 11:48 AM

Thx lazork357 :D

Quote:

Keep in mind that once you've compiled you're project you need "ogg.dll" "vorbis.dll" and "vorbisfile.dll" in the same folder as your executable;

You shouldnt have to; I staticly linked them to our project so they are compiled right into the executable.

[Edited by - llvllatrix on January 16, 2005 12:48:35 PM]

da_grat1

122

January 16, 2005 03:03 PM

Quote:
About the missing 'ogg/ogg.h':
Open Oggvorbiswin32sdk-1.0.1.zip and extract the files contained in the "Include" folder to the "Include" folder of MSVC++ (Just look for it in the directory you installed MSVC++).
Now do the same thing with the files in the "lib" folder.

so far, I did until here...
But still cannot work.. :(

still got one error...
:\documents and settings\basecode\console basecode\inc_os_open_al.h(18) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'AL/al.h': No such file or directory

what should I do next...
I already install the OpenAl 1.0 software development software..

lazork357, llvllatrix ....HELPPPPPP!!!

By the way, llvllatrix... where can I learn this code:-

BOOL CALLBACK DlgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){ 	switch(uMsg)	{	case WM_COMMAND:		{			switch(LOWORD(wParam))			{			case IDOK:				{					//fullscreen					if(IsDlgButtonChecked(hWnd,IDC_FULLSCREEN))						fullscr = true;					//bpp					if(IsDlgButtonChecked(hWnd,IDC_BPP_16))						bpp = 16;					else						bpp = 32;					//resolution					if(IsDlgButtonChecked(hWnd,IDC_RES_800_600))					{						width = 800;						height = 600;					}					else if(IsDlgButtonChecked(hWnd,IDC_RES_1024_768))					{						width = 1024;						height = 768;					}					else					{											width = GetDlgItemInt(hWnd,IDC_CUS_WIDTH,NULL,FALSE);						height = GetDlgItemInt(hWnd,IDC_CUS_HEIGHT,NULL,FALSE);					}					EndDialog(hWnd,wParam);					return TRUE;				}//case IDOK:			case IDCANCEL:				{					id_cancel = true;					EndDialog(hWnd,wParam);					return TRUE;				}//case IDCANCEL:			}//switch(LOWORD(wParam))			if(HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED)			{				CheckDlgButton(hWnd,lParam,BST_CHECKED);				if(IsDlgButtonChecked(hWnd,IDC_RES_CUSTOM))				{					HWND dlg_item;					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_STAT_CUSTOM);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,TRUE);					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_WIDTH);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,TRUE);					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_HEIGHT);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,TRUE);				}				else				{					HWND dlg_item;					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_STAT_CUSTOM);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_WIDTH);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);					dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_HEIGHT);					EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);				}			}			break;		}//case WM_COMMAND:	case WM_INITDIALOG:		{			CheckDlgButton(hWnd,IDC_RES_1024_768,BST_CHECKED);			CheckDlgButton(hWnd,IDC_BPP_32,BST_CHECKED);			HWND dlg_item;			dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_STAT_CUSTOM);			EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);			dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_WIDTH);			EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);			dlg_item = GetDlgItem(hWnd, IDC_CUS_HEIGHT);			EnableWindow(dlg_item,FALSE);			break;		}			}//switch(uMsg)        return FALSE; }

I get this code from the source code.. :)
The code such as "IsDlgButtonChecked" is something that i have never seen before.. but I get the idea that it is used to execute the content of "dialog.rc" which is "IDD_init". the other commands are "WM_INITDIALOG","IDOK""BOOL CALLBACK DlgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)","DlgProc"and etc. Ijalso want to know whether the commands are fixed...eg "WM_INITDIALOG","IDOK""IsDlgButtonChecked" :)

Mezmirous

122

January 16, 2005 03:26 PM

So, we have to sign up with Creative Labs in order to get the OpenAL SDK?

lol "OpenGL Broke..""Nothing to see here." xD

da_grat1
http://www.functionx.com/win32/Lesson04.htm

That should give you a basic idea of dialog boxes da_grat1 :) Expanding beyond that point, further integration and such is pretty straightforward really, doesn't require much work.

[Edited by - Mezmirous on January 16, 2005 3:26:36 PM]

llvllatrix

Author

340

January 16, 2005 05:08 PM

Quote:

So, we have to sign up with Creative Labs in order to get the OpenAL SDK?

Shouldn't have to. Try the other OpenAL link; should be able to download it there.

da_grat1

122

January 16, 2005 08:42 PM

Quote:
That should give you a basic idea of dialog boxes da_grat1 :) Expanding beyond that point, further integration and such is pretty straightforward really, doesn't require much work.

Thanks for the website Mezmirous :)

I cannot download the OpenALsdk from creative lab.. I think the I cannot be used..

so I download it from other site.. But It is not the latest version.. However I still get this error..
:\documents and settings\basecode\console basecode\inc_os_open_al.h(18) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'AL/al.h': No such file or directory

Quote:
You also need "OpenAL32.dll", but I can't remember where I found it (should be included in the OpenAL SDK, anyway).

lazork357, what should I do with the "OpenAL32.dll"... where should I extract it..

lazork357

148

January 17, 2005 08:02 AM

Quote:

so I download it from other site.. But It is not the latest version.. However I still get this error..

That means you still don't have the al.h header in the right folder.
Once you've downloaded and installed the OpenAL SDK, you have to manually copy the headers and the libraries from the folder where OpenAL is installed, to your MSVC++ folder (copy the files contained in the 'libs' and 'include' folder to the respective directories, just like you did with the Ogg/Vorbis files).

Quote:

what should I do with the "OpenAL32.dll"... where should I extract it..

llvllatrix said you shouldn't be needing it because he has statically linked it to the project; I would trust him.

da_grat1

122

January 17, 2005 09:04 AM

I feel like want to cry T_T
still cannot..

I copied all the contents from openalsdk include folder ("al.h", "alc.h","alctypes.h","altypes.h","alu.h","alut.h","aluttypes.h",
"alutpyes.h") into Microsoft visual C++ include folder.. and the contents of openalsdk lib folder("ALut", "OpenAL32") into MVC++ lib folder..

The result is... Same error came out... T_T

basecode\console basecode\inc_os_open_al.h(18) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'AL/al.h': No such file or directory

I don't feel happy until i solve this problem... T_T

llvllatrix

Author

340

January 17, 2005 12:44 PM

hmm...odd problem...

Quote:

I copied all the contents from openalsdk include folder ("al.h", "alc.h","alctypes.h","altypes.h","alu.h","alut.h","aluttypes.h",
"alutpyes.h") into Microsoft visual C++ include folder.. and the contents of openalsdk lib folder("ALut", "OpenAL32") into MVC++ lib folder..

What ide are you using? The headers should be coppied into a new folder called AL in your include directory like this: 'AL/al.h'. I think however, that the OpenAL install should have done that for you. What happened when you tried to install the OpenAL sdk from Creative?

Some notes on dlls:
You shouldnt have to include any of the dlls in the same path of the program. The ogg/vorbis dlls are statically linked and whomever is trying to run the program should have the openal binaries (OpenAL32.dll) installed on their system (In any folder specified in your system PATH).

Will post later,
- llvllatrix

How to program a chess: a forum based tutorial

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