After the SAT you have a feature (either edges or face) which defines the axis of minimum penetration.
If this feature is a face:
- The face defines the so called reference face
- Find the incident face on the other shape
- This face defines the incident face
- Clip the incident face against the side planes of the reference face
- Keep all point below the reference face
- The distance of the clipped vertices to the reference face is your penetration
If the witness features are edge
- Compute the closest point between the edges
- The contact point is the average of the two points
- The penetration is the distance between the two witness points
I recommend to look into a bunch of example. E.g. in the ODE there is a function dBoxBox which shows how to build contacts for two OBBs. In Box2D you can find examples for building contacts between convex hull. In 3D you need to add the edge case.
Erin gave a bunch of presentation and one deals with contact creation. Have a look here: www.box2d.org
I think Erwin gave a presentation on contact creation as well. Look at the Bullet website
HTH,
-Dirk