Ok, I'm having problems setting up a simple application. I'm just expecting it to display a blank DDraw window (which I can usually do) but I'm trying to get used to using multiple files. Beware, I'm posting a LOT of junk on here.
Ok, here goes (oh, and I know the code is probably jumbled, I just need help with the linker problems):
blit.cpp
// blit.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
// FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd,
UINT msg,
WPARAM wparam,
LPARAM lparam)
{
// this is the main message handler of the system
PAINTSTRUCT ps; // used in WM_PAINT
HDC hdc; // handle to a device context
char buffer[80]; // used to print strings
// what is the message
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
// do initialization stuff here
// return success
return(0);
} break;
case WM_PAINT:
{
// simply validate the window
hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
// end painting
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
// return success
return(0);
} break;
case WM_DESTROY:
{
// kill the application, this sends a WM_QUIT message
PostQuitMessage(0);
// return success
return(0);
} break;
default:break;
} // end switch
// process any messages that we didn't take care of
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));
} // end WinProc
int Game_Init(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{
// this is called once after the initial window is created and
// before the main event loop is entered, do all your initialization
// here
// first create base IDirectDraw interface
if (FAILED(DirectDrawCreate(NULL, &lpdd, NULL)))
{
// error
return(0);
} // end if
// now query for IDirectDraw4
if (FAILED(lpdd->QueryInterface(IID_IDirectDraw4,
(LPVOID *)&lpdd4)))
{
// error
return(0);
} // end if
// set cooperation to full screen
if (FAILED(lpdd4->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle,
DDSCL_FULLSCREEN | DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX |
DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT)))
{
// error
return(0);
} // end if
// set display mode to 640x480x8
if (FAILED(lpdd4->SetDisplayMode(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_BPP,0,0)))
{
// error
return(0);
} // end if
// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);
} // end Game_Init
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int Game_Shutdown(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{
// this is called after the game is exited and the main event
// loop while is exited, do all you cleanup and shutdown here
// simply blow away the IDirectDraw4 interface
if (lpdd4)
{
lpdd4->Release();
lpdd4 = NULL;
} // end if
// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);
} // end Game_Shutdown
// WINMAIN ////////////////////////////////////////////////
int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hinstance,
HINSTANCE hprevinstance,
LPSTR lpcmdline,
int ncmdshow)
{
WNDCLASSEX winclass; // this will hold the class we create
HWND hwnd; // generic window handle
MSG msg; // generic message
HDC hdc; // graphics device context
// first fill in the window class stucture
winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
winclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC |
CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
winclass.hInstance = hinstance;
winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
winclass.lpszClassName = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
// save hinstance in global
hinstance_app = hinstance;
// register the window class
if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
return(0);
// create the window
if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, // extended style
WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, // class
"DirectDraw Full-Screen Demo", // title
WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE,
0,0, // initial x,y
SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT, // initial width, height
NULL, // handle to parent
NULL, // handle to menu
hinstance,// instance of this application
NULL))) // extra creation parms
return(0);
// save main window handle
main_window_handle = hwnd;
// initialize game here
Game_Init();
// enter main event loop
while(TRUE)
{
// test if there is a message in queue, if so get it
if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
{
// test if this is a quit
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;
// translate any accelerator keys
TranslateMessage(&msg);
// send the message to the window proc
DispatchMessage(&msg);
} // end if
// main game processing goes here
Game_Main();
} // end while
// closedown game here
Game_Shutdown();
// return to Windows like this
return(msg.wParam);
} // end WinMain
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
game.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int Game_Main()
{
// this is the main loop of the game, do all your processing
// here
// for now test if user is hitting ESC and send WM_CLOSE
if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
SendMessage(main_window_handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);
} // end Game_Main
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
stdafx.h
// stdafx.h
//
#ifndef MAIN_HEADER_INCLUDED
#define MAIN_HEADER_INCLUDED
// INCLUDES ///////////////////////////////////////////////
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // just say no to MFC
#include // include important windows stuff
#include
#include
#include // include important C/C++ stuff
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include // include directdraw
// DEFINES ////////////////////////////////////////////////
// defines for windows
#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"
// default screen size
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // size of screen
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480
#define SCREEN_BPP 8 // bits per pixel
#define MAX_COLORS 256 // maximum colors
// TYPES //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// basic unsigned types
typedef unsigned short USHORT;
typedef unsigned short WORD;
typedef unsigned char UCHAR;
typedef unsigned char BYTE;
// MACROS /////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
// initializes a direct draw struct
#define DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct,0,sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize=sizeof(ddstruct); }
// GLOBALS ////////////////////////////////////////////////
HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // globally track main window
HINSTANCE hinstance_app = NULL; // globally track hinstance
// directdraw stuff
LPDIRECTDRAW lpdd = NULL; // dd object
LPDIRECTDRAW4 lpdd4 = NULL; // dd4 object
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE4 lpddsprimary = NULL; // dd primary surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE4 lpddsback = NULL; // dd back surface
LPDIRECTDRAWPALETTE lpddpal = NULL; // a pointer to the created dd palette
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper = NULL; // dd clipper
PALETTEENTRY palette[256]; // color palette
PALETTEENTRY save_palette[256]; // used to save palettes
DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // a direct draw surface description struct
DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // used to fill
DDSCAPS2 ddscaps; // a direct draw surface capabilities struct
HRESULT ddrval; // result back from dd calls
DWORD start_clock_count = 0; // used for timing
// these defined the general clipping rectangle
int min_clip_x = 0, // clipping rectangle
max_clip_x = SCREEN_WIDTH-1,
min_clip_y = 0,
max_clip_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT-1;
// these are overwritten globally by DD_Init()
int screen_width = SCREEN_WIDTH, // width of screen
screen_height = SCREEN_HEIGHT, // height of screen
screen_bpp = SCREEN_BPP; // bits per pixel
char buffer[80]; // general printing buffer
// PROTOTYPES /////////////////////////////////////////////////
int Game_Main();
int Game_Init(void *parms, int num_parms);
int Game_Shutdown(void *parms, int num_parms);
#endif
Like I said, the code probably looks like crap, but that's not my big problem right now. Here is the error log:
--------------------Configuration: blit - Win32 Debug--------------------
Compiling...
game.cpp
blit.cpp
C:\src\blit\blit.cpp(15) : warning C4101: 'buffer' : unreferenced local variable
C:\src\blit\blit.cpp(130) : warning C4101: 'hdc' : unreferenced local variable
Linking...
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int screen_bpp" (?screen_bpp@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int screen_height" (?screen_height@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int screen_width" (?screen_width@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int max_clip_y" (?max_clip_y@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int min_clip_y" (?min_clip_y@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int max_clip_x" (?max_clip_x@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "int min_clip_x" (?min_clip_x@@3HA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "unsigned long start_clock_count" (?start_clock_count@@3KA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDrawClipper * lpddclipper" (?lpddclipper@@3PAUIDirectDrawClipper@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDrawPalette * lpddpal" (?lpddpal@@3PAUIDirectDrawPalette@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDrawSurface4 * lpddsback" (?lpddsback@@3PAUIDirectDrawSurface4@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDrawSurface4 * lpddsprimary" (?lpddsprimary@@3PAUIDirectDrawSurface4@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDraw4 * lpdd4" (?lpdd4@@3PAUIDirectDraw4@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct IDirectDraw * lpdd" (?lpdd@@3PAUIDirectDraw@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct HINSTANCE__ * hinstance_app" (?hinstance_app@@3PAUHINSTANCE__@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct HWND__ * main_window_handle" (?main_window_handle@@3PAUHWND__@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "char * buffer" (?buffer@@3PADA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct _DDSCAPS2 ddscaps" (?ddscaps@@3U_DDSCAPS2@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct _DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd" (?ddsd@@3U_DDSURFACEDESC2@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "long ddrval" (?ddrval@@3JA) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct tagPALETTEENTRY * save_palette" (?save_palette@@3PAUtagPALETTEENTRY@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct _DDBLTFX ddbltfx" (?ddbltfx@@3U_DDBLTFX@@A) already defined in game.obj
blit.obj : error LNK2005: "struct tagPALETTEENTRY * palette" (?palette@@3PAUtagPALETTEENTRY@@A) already defined in game.obj
Debug/blit.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
Error executing link.exe.
blit.exe - 24 error(s), 2 warning(s)
Well, while I don't expect anybody to actually sit through this disgrace of a project, there might be some poor, bored bastard out there that might wanna help
Anyways, if you actually want to try it, be my guest, but do so at your own risk
(Side note: okay, no idea why the include directives didn't show up properly in the post, but just assume they are there
Mostly your standard windows junk and the ddraw header)
Edited by - ArtemisX on April 16, 2001 1:20:12 AM
