Should I seed the random generator inside the while loop or only once at the start of program? And why or why not?

Only once. Otherwise you might give it the same seed twice, and get the same result twice where you shouldn''t.

I agree. If you''re using srand(time(NULL)), then since time() changes only once per second, you''ll get the same set of random numbers more than you''d expect.

The only time that you should re-seed the generator is if you really want to generate the same set of numbers again.