I have just started to learn Direct Draw by reading WGPFD. I have made it up to the section where you make a primary surface, but i am stuck. I can''t figure out what is causing 3 errors, and i figured that you people, being the intelligent, kind, and helping folks that you are could maybe give me a hand. Here is the code (i appologize for not using that code tag thingy, but im not sure how) //INCLUDES #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN #include #include #include #include #include //DEFINES //defines for windows #define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1" #define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0) #define KEY_UP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1) //PROTOTYPES int Game_Init(void *parms=NULL); int Game_Shutdown(void *parms=NULL); int Game_Main(void *parms=NULL); //GLOBALS HWND main_window_handle = NULL; LPDIRECTDRAW lpdd; // pointer to direct draw object DDSDSURFACEDESC ddsd; //used to hold the ddraw surface description LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE lpddsprimary; //FUNCTIONS LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam) { //main message handler of the system PAINTSTRUCT ps; //used in WM_PAINT HDC hdc; //handle to device context //find out what the message is switch(msg) { case WM_CREATE: //called when window created { //do init. stuff here return(0); } break; case WM_PAINT: { //simply validate the window hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return(0); } break; case WM_KEYDOWN: { if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) if (wparam == VK_ESCAPE) { // the user is trying to kill the app, we could post // a quit message or send a WM_DESTROY message // let''s do the later PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY,0,0); } // end if } break; case WM_DESTROY: { //kill the app PostQuitMessage(0); return(0); } break; default: break; } //end switch //process any messages that you didn''t take care of return(DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam)); } //end WinProc /////////WINMAIN///////// int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hinstance, HINSTANCE hprevinstance, LPSTR lpcmdline, int ncmdshow) { WNDCLASS winclass; //this will hold the class i create HWND hwnd; //generic window handle MSG msg; //generic message //first, fill in the window class structure winclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS / CS_OWNDC / CS_HREDRAW / CS_VREDRAW; winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc; winclass.cbClsExtra = 0; winclass.cbWndExtra = 0; winclass.hInstance = hinstance; winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; winclass.lpszClassName = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME; //register th window class if(!RegisterClass(&winclass)) return(0); if (!(hwnd = CreateWindow(WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, // class "Prototype", // title WS_POPUP / WS_VISIBLE, 0,0, // x,y GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN), GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN), // width, height NULL, // handle to parent NULL, // handle to menu hinstance,// instance NULL))) // creation parms return(0); //save the window handle in a global main_window_handle = hwnd; // perform all game console specific initialization Game_Init(); //enter main event loop while(1) { if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { //test if it is a quit if (msg.message ==WM_QUIT) break; //translate any accelerator keys TranslateMessage(&msg); //send the message to the window proc DispatchMessage(&msg); } //end if //main game processing goes here Game_Main(); } //end while // shutdown game and release all resources Game_Shutdown(); //return to windows like this return(msg.wParam); } //end WinMain // WINX GAME PROGRAMMING CONSOLE FUNCTIONS //////////////// int Game_Init(void *parms) { // create object and test for error if (DirectDrawCreate(NULL,&lpdd,NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); //create a window and get a handle in hwnd //create directdraw object lpdd->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle, DDSCL_FULLSCREEN / DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE / DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT); //set the display mode if((lpdd->SetDisplayMode(800, 600, 16))!= DD_OK) { // MessageBox(hwnd, "Error setting display mode", "Error setting display mode", NULL); } //create the primery surface //manually set the size, very important ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); //the only field i modify, so i must indicate //in the flags that i want a primary drawing surface; //in this case, i don''t have to define anything else, //because ddraw already knows the resolution & video mode ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS; //set the capabilities to what you want, a primary surface ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSDCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE; //create teh surface and check for errors if(lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpddsprimary, NULL)!=DD_OK) { /* error */ } // return success return(1); } // end Game_Init /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Game_Shutdown(void *parms) { //first release the surface, but check for errors //if (lpddsprimary) // lpddsprimary->Release(); //now release the ddraw object itself if(lpdd) lpdd->Release(); // return success return(1); } // end Game_Shutdown /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Game_Main(void *parms) { // this is the workhorse of your game it will be called // continuously in real-time this is like main() in C // all the calls for you game go here! // your code goes here // return success return(1); } // end Game_Main /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// I think that is all of it. Now here are the errors i am getting: D:\STYDX7IN24\Source\prototype\prototype.cpp(23) : error C2146: syntax error : missing '';'' before identifier ''ddsd'' D:\STYDX7IN24\Source\prototype\prototype.cpp(23) : error C2501: ''DDSDSURFACEDESC'' : missing storage-class or type specifiers D:\STYDX7IN24\Source\prototype\prototype.cpp(23) : fatal error C1004: unexpected end of file found I have no idea what is causing them, especially the one about the missing semicolon. things look good to me. I am pretty sure i have included all the ddraw files properly because i have been able get the other ddraw code to work that changes the resolution, etc. anyway, can anyone here halp me? - Moe -

I''m pretty sure that DDSDSURFACEDESC should be DDSURFACEDESC instead. Also, I don''t think that DDSDCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE is right either. Try DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE instead.

Yep, just looked at SDK. SiCrane is right. Either you keyed wrong or source in book is tweaked...

That cleared things up guys. Thanks again.

Another fine example of my crappy typing skills.

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