//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// File: DDEx2.CPP//// Desc: Direct Draw example program 2.  Adds functionality to //       example program 1.  Changes the video mode to 640x480x8.//       Reads a bitmap file from disk and copies it into the //       back buffer and then slowly flips between the primary//       surface and the back buffer.  Press F12 to exit the program.//// Copyright (c) 1995-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------//#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN//#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN//#endif//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Include files//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#include <windows.h>#include <ddraw.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdarg.h>#include "resource.h"#include "ddutil.h"//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Local definitions//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#define NAME                "DDExample2"#define TITLE               "Direct Draw Example 2"//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Default settings//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#define TIMER_ID            1#define TIMER_RATE          500//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Global data//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------LPDIRECTDRAW7               g_pDD = NULL;        // DirectDraw objectLPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7        g_pDDSPrimary = NULL;// DirectDraw primary surfaceLPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7        g_pDDSBack = NULL;   // DirectDraw back surfaceLPDIRECTDRAWPALETTE         g_pDDPal = NULL;     // The primary surface paletteBOOL                        g_bActive = FALSE;   // Is application active?//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Local data//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------static char                 szBackground[] = "BACK";static char                 szMsg[] = "Page Flipping Test: Press F12 to exit";static char                 szFrontMsg[] = "Front buffer (F12 to quit)";static char                 szBackMsg[] = "Back buffer (F12 to quit)";//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: ReleaseAllObjects()// Desc: Finished with all objects we use; release them//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------static voidReleaseAllObjects(void){    if (g_pDD != NULL)    {        if (g_pDDSPrimary != NULL)        {            g_pDDSPrimary->Release();            g_pDDSPrimary = NULL;        }        if (g_pDDPal != NULL)        {            g_pDDPal->Release();            g_pDDPal = NULL;        }        g_pDD->Release();        g_pDD = NULL;    }}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: InitFail()// Desc: This function is called if an initialization function fails//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------HRESULTInitFail(HWND hWnd, HRESULT hRet, LPCTSTR szError,...){    char                        szBuff[128];    va_list                     vl;    va_start(vl, szError);    vsprintf(szBuff, szError, vl);    ReleaseAllObjects();    MessageBox(hWnd, szBuff, TITLE, MB_OK);    DestroyWindow(hWnd);    va_end(vl);    return hRet;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: UpdateFrame()// Desc: Displays the proper text for the page//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------static voidUpdateFrame(HWND hWnd){    static BYTE                 phase = 0;    HDC                         hdc;    RECT                        rc;    SIZE                        size;    // The back buffer already has a loaded bitmap, so don't clear it    if (g_pDDSBack->GetDC(&hdc) == DD_OK)    {        SetBkColor(hdc, RGB(0, 0, 255));        SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(255, 255, 0));        if (phase)        {            GetClientRect(hWnd, &rc);            GetTextExtentPoint(hdc, szMsg, lstrlen(szMsg), &size);            TextOut(hdc, (rc.right - size.cx) / 2, (rc.bottom - size.cy) / 2,                    szMsg, sizeof(szMsg) - 1);            TextOut(hdc, 0, 0, szFrontMsg, lstrlen(szFrontMsg));            phase = 0;        }        else        {            TextOut(hdc, 0, 0, szBackMsg, lstrlen(szBackMsg));            phase = 1;        }        g_pDDSBack->ReleaseDC(hdc);    }}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: WindowProc()// Desc: The Main Window Procedure//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------long FAR PASCALWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){    HRESULT                     hRet;    switch (message)    {        case WM_ACTIVATE:            // Pause if minimized            g_bActive = !((BOOL)HIWORD(wParam));            return 0L;        case WM_DESTROY:            // Clean up and close the app            ReleaseAllObjects();            PostQuitMessage(0);            return 0L;        case WM_KEYDOWN:            // Handle any non-accelerated key commands            switch (wParam)            {                case VK_ESCAPE:                case VK_F12:                    PostMessage(hWnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0);                    return 0L;            }            break;        case WM_SETCURSOR:            // Turn off the cursor since this is a full-screen app            SetCursor(NULL);            return TRUE;        case WM_TIMER:            // Update and flip surfaces            if (g_bActive && TIMER_ID == wParam)            {                UpdateFrame(hWnd);                while (TRUE)                {                    hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->Flip(NULL, 0);                    if (hRet == DD_OK)                        break;                    if (hRet == DDERR_SURFACELOST)                    {                        hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->Restore();                        if (hRet != DD_OK)                            break;                        hRet = DDReLoadBitmap(g_pDDSBack, szBackground);                        if (hRet != DD_OK)                            break;                    }                    if (hRet != DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING)                        break;                }            }            break;    }    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: InitApp()// Desc: Do work required for every instance of the application://          Create the window, initialize data//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------static HRESULTInitApp(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow){    HWND                        hWnd;    WNDCLASS                    wc;    DDSURFACEDESC2              ddsd;    DDSCAPS2                    ddscaps;    HRESULT                     hRet;    // Set up and register window class    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;    wc.hInstance = hInstance;    wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MAIN_ICON));    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH )GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);    wc.lpszMenuName = NAME;    wc.lpszClassName = NAME;    RegisterClass(&wc);    // Create a window    hWnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST,                          NAME,                          TITLE,                          WS_POPUP,                          0,                          0,                          GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),                          GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN),                          NULL,                          NULL,                          hInstance,                          NULL);    if (!hWnd)        return FALSE;    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    SetFocus(hWnd);    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////    // Create the main DirectDraw object    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////    hRet = DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (VOID**)&g_pDD, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "DirectDrawCreateEx FAILED");    // Get exclusive mode    hRet = g_pDD->SetCooperativeLevel(hWnd, DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "SetCooperativeLevel FAILED");    // Set the video mode to 640x480x8    hRet = g_pDD->SetDisplayMode(640, 480, 8, 0, 0);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "SetDisplayMode FAILED");    // Create the primary surface with 1 back buffer    ZeroMemory(&ddsd, sizeof(ddsd));    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT;    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE |        DDSCAPS_FLIP |        DDSCAPS_COMPLEX;    ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1;    hRet = g_pDD->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &g_pDDSPrimary, NULL);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "CreateSurface FAILED");    // Get a pointer to the back buffer    ZeroMemory(&ddscaps, sizeof(ddscaps));    ddscaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER;    hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->GetAttachedSurface(&ddscaps, &g_pDDSBack);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "GetAttachedSurface FAILED");    // Create and set the palette    g_pDDPal = DDLoadPalette(g_pDD, szBackground);    if (g_pDDPal == NULL)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "DDLoadPalette FAILED");    hRet = g_pDDSPrimary->SetPalette(g_pDDPal);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "SetPalette FAILED");    // Load a bitmap into the back buffer.    hRet = DDReLoadBitmap(g_pDDSBack, szBackground);    if (hRet != DD_OK)        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "DDReLoadBitmap FAILED");    // Create a timer to flip the pages    if (TIMER_ID != SetTimer(hWnd, TIMER_ID, TIMER_RATE, NULL))        return InitFail(hWnd, hRet, "SetTimer FAILED");    return DD_OK;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: WinMain()// Desc: Initialization, message loop//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------int PASCALWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,        HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,        LPSTR lpCmdLine,        int nCmdShow){    MSG                         msg;    if (InitApp(hInstance, nCmdShow) != DD_OK)        return FALSE;    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))    {        TranslateMessage(&msg);        DispatchMessage(&msg);    }    return msg.wParam;}//---------------------------------------------------------------  

  //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// File: ddutil.cpp//// Desc: Routines for loading bitmap and palettes from resources////// Copyright (c) 1995-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN#endif//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Include files//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#include <windows.h>#include <windowsx.h>#include <ddraw.h>#include "ddutil.h"//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDLoadBitmap()// Desc: Create a DirectDrawSurface from a bitmap resource.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------extern "C" IDirectDrawSurface7* DDLoadBitmap( IDirectDraw7* pdd, LPCSTR szBitmap, int dx, int dy){    HBITMAP                 hbm;    BITMAP                  bm;    DDSURFACEDESC2          ddsd;    IDirectDrawSurface7    *pdds;    //    //  Try to load the bitmap as a resource, if that fails, try it as a file    //    hbm = (HBITMAP) LoadImage(GetModuleHandle(NULL), szBitmap, IMAGE_BITMAP, dx,                              dy, LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);    if (hbm == NULL)        hbm = (HBITMAP) LoadImage(NULL, szBitmap, IMAGE_BITMAP, dx, dy,                                  LR_LOADFROMFILE | LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);    if (hbm == NULL)        return NULL;    //    // Get size of the bitmap    //    GetObject(hbm, sizeof(bm), &bm);    //    // Create a DirectDrawSurface for this bitmap    //    ZeroMemory(&ddsd, sizeof(ddsd));    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_HEIGHT | DDSD_WIDTH;    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN;    ddsd.dwWidth = bm.bmWidth;    ddsd.dwHeight = bm.bmHeight;    if (pdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &pdds, NULL) != DD_OK)        return NULL;    DDCopyBitmap(pdds, hbm, 0, 0, 0, 0);    DeleteObject(hbm);    return pdds;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDReLoadBitmap()// Desc: Load a bitmap from a file or resource into a directdraw surface.//       normaly used to re-load a surface after a restore.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------HRESULT DDReLoadBitmap( IDirectDrawSurface7* pdds, LPCSTR szBitmap){    HBITMAP                 hbm;    HRESULT                 hr;    //    //  Try to load the bitmap as a resource, if that fails, try it as a file    //    hbm = (HBITMAP) LoadImage(GetModuleHandle(NULL), szBitmap, IMAGE_BITMAP, 0,                              0, LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);    if (hbm == NULL)        hbm = (HBITMAP) LoadImage(NULL, szBitmap, IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0,                                  LR_LOADFROMFILE | LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);    if (hbm == NULL)    {        OutputDebugString("handle is null\n");        return E_FAIL;    }    hr = DDCopyBitmap(pdds, hbm, 0, 0, 0, 0);    if (hr != DD_OK)    {        OutputDebugString("ddcopybitmap failed\n");    }    DeleteObject(hbm);    return hr;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDCopyBitmap()// Desc: Draw a bitmap into a DirectDrawSurface//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------extern "C" HRESULTDDCopyBitmap(IDirectDrawSurface7* pdds, HBITMAP hbm, int x, int y,             int dx, int dy){    HDC                     hdcImage;    HDC                     hdc;    BITMAP                  bm;    DDSURFACEDESC2          ddsd;    HRESULT                 hr;    if (hbm == NULL || pdds == NULL)        return E_FAIL;    //    // Make sure this surface is restored.    //    pdds->Restore();    //    // Select bitmap into a memoryDC so we can use it.    //    hdcImage = CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);    if (!hdcImage)        OutputDebugString("createcompatible dc failed\n");    SelectObject(hdcImage, hbm);    //    // Get size of the bitmap    //    GetObject(hbm, sizeof(bm), &bm);    dx = dx == 0 ? bm.bmWidth : dx;     // Use the passed size, unless zero    dy = dy == 0 ? bm.bmHeight : dy;    //    // Get size of surface.    //    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_HEIGHT | DDSD_WIDTH;    pdds->GetSurfaceDesc(&ddsd);    if ((hr = pdds->GetDC(&hdc)) == DD_OK)    {        StretchBlt(hdc, 0, 0, ddsd.dwWidth, ddsd.dwHeight, hdcImage, x, y,                   dx, dy, SRCCOPY);        pdds->ReleaseDC(hdc);    }    DeleteDC(hdcImage);    return hr;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDLoadPalette()// Desc: Create a DirectDraw palette object from a bitmap resource//       if the resource does not exist or NULL is passed create a//       default 332 palette.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------extern "C" IDirectDrawPalette *DDLoadPalette(IDirectDraw7* pdd, LPCSTR szBitmap){    IDirectDrawPalette     *ddpal;    int                     i;    int                     n;    int                     fh;    HRSRC                   h;    LPBITMAPINFOHEADER      lpbi;    PALETTEENTRY            ape[256];    RGBQUAD                *prgb;    //    // Build a 332 palette as the default.    //    for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)    {        ape[i].peRed = (BYTE) (((i >> 5) & 0x07) * 255 / 7);        ape[i].peGreen = (BYTE) (((i >> 2) & 0x07) * 255 / 7);        ape[i].peBlue = (BYTE) (((i >> 0) & 0x03) * 255 / 3);        ape[i].peFlags = (BYTE) 0;    }    //    // Get a pointer to the bitmap resource.    //    if (szBitmap && (h = FindResource(NULL, szBitmap, RT_BITMAP)))    {        lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER) LockResource(LoadResource(NULL, h));        if (!lpbi)            OutputDebugString("lock resource failed\n");        prgb = (RGBQUAD *) ((BYTE *) lpbi + lpbi->biSize);        if (lpbi == NULL || lpbi->biSize < sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER))            n = 0;        else if (lpbi->biBitCount > 8)            n = 0;        else if (lpbi->biClrUsed == 0)            n = 1 << lpbi->biBitCount;        else            n = lpbi->biClrUsed;        //        //  A DIB color table has its colors stored BGR not RGB        //  so flip them around.        //        for (i = 0; i < n; i++)        {            ape[i].peRed = prgb[i].rgbRed;            ape[i].peGreen = prgb[i].rgbGreen;            ape[i].peBlue = prgb[i].rgbBlue;            ape[i].peFlags = 0;        }    }    else if (szBitmap && (fh = _lopen(szBitmap, OF_READ)) != -1)    {        BITMAPFILEHEADER        bf;        BITMAPINFOHEADER        bi;        _lread(fh, &bf, sizeof(bf));        _lread(fh, &bi, sizeof(bi));        _lread(fh, ape, sizeof(ape));        _lclose(fh);        if (bi.biSize != sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER))            n = 0;        else if (bi.biBitCount > 8)            n = 0;        else if (bi.biClrUsed == 0)            n = 1 << bi.biBitCount;        else            n = bi.biClrUsed;        //        //  A DIB color table has its colors stored BGR not RGB        //  so flip them around.        //        for (i = 0; i < n; i++)        {            BYTE        r = ape[i].peRed;            ape[i].peRed = ape[i].peBlue;            ape[i].peBlue = r;        }    }    pdd->CreatePalette(DDPCAPS_8BIT, ape, &ddpal, NULL);    return ddpal;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDColorMatch()// Desc: Convert a RGB color to a pysical color.//       We do this by leting GDI SetPixel() do the color matching//       then we lock the memory and see what it got mapped to.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------extern "C" DWORDDDColorMatch(IDirectDrawSurface7* pdds, COLORREF rgb){    COLORREF                rgbT;    HDC                     hdc;    DWORD                   dw = CLR_INVALID;    DDSURFACEDESC2          ddsd;    HRESULT                 hres;    //    //  Use GDI SetPixel to color match for us    //    if (rgb != CLR_INVALID && pdds->GetDC(&hdc) == DD_OK)    {        rgbT = GetPixel(hdc, 0, 0);     // Save current pixel value        SetPixel(hdc, 0, 0, rgb);       // Set our value        pdds->ReleaseDC(hdc);    }    //    // Now lock the surface so we can read back the converted color    //    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);    while ((hres = pdds->Lock(NULL, &ddsd, 0, NULL)) == DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING)        ;    if (hres == DD_OK)    {        dw = *(DWORD *) ddsd.lpSurface;                 // Get DWORD        if (ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwRGBBitCount < 32)            dw &= (1 << ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwRGBBitCount) - 1;  // Mask it to bpp        pdds->Unlock(NULL);    }    //    //  Now put the color that was there back.    //    if (rgb != CLR_INVALID && pdds->GetDC(&hdc) == DD_OK)    {        SetPixel(hdc, 0, 0, rgbT);        pdds->ReleaseDC(hdc);    }    return dw;}//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------// Name: DDSetColorKey()// Desc: Set a color key for a surface, given a RGB.//       If you pass CLR_INVALID as the color key, the pixel//       in the upper-left corner will be used.//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------extern "C" HRESULTDDSetColorKey(IDirectDrawSurface7* pdds, COLORREF rgb){    DDCOLORKEY              ddck;    ddck.dwColorSpaceLowValue = DDColorMatch(pdds, rgb);    ddck.dwColorSpaceHighValue = ddck.dwColorSpaceLowValue;    return pdds->SetColorKey(DDCKEY_SRCBLT, &ddck);}//--------------------------------------------------------------  

  #define IDI_MAIN_ICON                   101#define IDR_MENU                        102#define IDM_EXIT                        40001